Fifty percent of Americans over the age of 50 have never had a colonoscopy, according to a 2008 study conducted by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Many people find the idea of fasting, undergoing slight sedation and having a tube/camera up their rectum and into their intestines to be quite unnerving. No one wants to believe that metastatic colon cancer could happen to them. The virtual colonoscopy has emerged as a new way of testing for colon cancer, without all the invasiveness of traditional testing.
To prepare for a virtual colonoscopy, you will need to complete a bowel prep, just like with a normal colonoscopy prep. You will need to empty all solid waste materials from your gastrointestinal tract by sticking to a clear liquid diet for 1 to 3 days before the procedure. This means you may only consume fat-free broth, strained fruit juice, water, coffee, tea, Gatorade and Jell-O. The night before your colonoscopy screening, you will take a laxative (in pill or powder format) to loosen your stools and increase the frequency of your bowel movement until everything has been cleared from your system. Just before the exam, you’ll drink a contrast liquid, which will make your large intestine appear very bright during the scan so abnormal cells will stand out better.
The main difference between a traditional colonoscopy procedure and a virtual colonoscopy is how the doctor sees into the colon. During a regular colonoscopy, a long, lighted, flexible colonoscope with an affixed camera is sent into the anus, rectum and entire large intestine. However, with the virtual method, a thin plastic tube is inserted into the anus and rectum, puffs up the large intestine with air and uses a CT or MRI machine to scan the entire colon, less invasively. Unlike a conventional colonoscopy, the patient does not need to be sedated. Many elderly patients, people with inflamed intestines or frail individuals prefer this method to the traditional screening tests because it’s less stressful on the body, not to mention it’s more cost-effective as well.
One of the virtual colonoscopy’s limitations is that patients still have to endure the liquid diet regiment and they still need to have something inserted into their anus and rectum. Many people don’t like the idea of that, despite its propensity to save lives. Additionally, there is limited availability for this new procedure in some locations and Medicare currently does not cover the cost of this exam, although most private insurance companies do. In a website memo, Medicare representatives said: “We have determined that there is insufficient evidence on the test characteristics and performance of screening CT colonoscopy in Medicare-aged individuals, and that the evidence is not sufficient to conclude that screening CT colonoscopy improves health benefits for asymptomatic, average-risk Medicare beneficiaries.” Even though there have been several studies demonstrating the virtual test’s efficiency at colon cancer prevention, Medicare has not yet accepted these new findings.
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